Why is hysterectomy necessary?
Hysterectomy means the permanent removal of the uterus (the womb), with or without the cervix and/or the ovaries. Radical surgery is performed when other options are no longer efficient. Patients choose it due to cancerous or non-cancerous reasons after exhausting the less invasive alternatives.
The patient must give her consent after understanding the risks and the irreversible nature of the intervention. One major consequence is the inability to have children.
While conservative surgery is trying to preserve as much as possible from the affected organs, radical surgery removes them. The first is less invasive, but also presents a higher degree of recurrence, while the second does a better job to prevent it.
With cancer (of the womb, cervical, ovarian), especially in an advanced stage, a hysterectomy may be the only choice of treatment.
For non-cancerous conditions, it becomes an alternative after other approaches were inefficient.
Source: https://www.cedars-sinai.edu/